Time scale
Time scale- a quantitative measure of motion slowdown, equal to the ratio of the projection frame rate to the shooting frame rate. So, if the projection frame rate is 24 frames per second, and the film was shot at 72 frames per second, the time scale is 1:3.
The maximum degree of acceleration is determined by the design of the filming apparatus and the dynamic characteristics of the jump mechanism of the film camera. Amateur equipment provides for accelerated shooting at frequencies up to 64-72 frames per second. Professional equipment uses specialized clamshell mechanisms that provide 360 frames per second for 35 mm film and 600 frames per second for 16 mm.
Increasing the speed beyond these values is achieved by changing the method of fixing the frame on film.
High-speed filming
High-speed filming(rapid shooting, from fr. rapide- fast) - filming with frame rates from 200 to 10,000 frames per second. It is carried out with continuous uniform movement of film using various optical and electronic methods of switching the light flux.
It is used in various fields of science and technology to study short-term and fast processes. These are, for example, the processes of combustion and explosion, the interaction of various mechanisms, the propagation of shock waves and spark discharges.
It is used to create popular science and educational films that demonstrate in detail all phases of the movement of the subject.
The main ways to implement high-speed filming:
Optical compensation
In order for the image of the frame to remain motionless relative to the uniformly moving film, a rotating prism or mirror is introduced. The size and position of this optical element are chosen such that the linear displacement of the resulting image corresponds to the movement of the film.
Short exposure
With this method, slit shutters cut off short moments of exposure time for each frame.
Another common method is to use pulsed light sources with a flash rate that matches the required frame rate. However, for this to happen, the duration of the flashes must be extremely short, about 10 −7 seconds.
High speed filming
High speed filming(Ultra-rapid shooting) - filming with a frame rate from 10 4 to 10 9 frames per second. In this method of filming, the film remains stationary during the exposure process, and the image-forming beams of light formed by the optical system move. Typically a rotating mirror prism is used for this.
Optical switching
The film is placed on the surface of the cylinder in a special film channel. A commutation prism and a secondary lens are usually located opposite each future frame. A mirror rotates in the center of the cylinder, which “scans” along the length of the film. This method is used for processes occurring in a relatively small volume. The direction of the axis of the high-speed camera remains unchanged.
Electronic switching
With this method, an object moving along a series of stationary lenses located along a stationary film is illuminated by separate light sources. This method is more often used for fast moving objects.
Frameless shooting with image dissection
Frameless shooting using raster systems
Photochronography (slit frameless shooting)
Application
In cinema, television and computer games it is used to repeat and show in detail interesting moments, especially in sports.
In feature films, the use of accelerated filming creates the impression of reduced gravity while simulating human movement in lunar and Martian landscapes. Accelerated shooting is also used during mock-up shooting to create the illusion of a collapse or destruction of a large object occurring at a great distance from the camera (for example, part of the filming of the film “Crew”) was carried out.
Notes
- S. V. Kulagin High-speed filming // Photo film technology: Encyclopedia / Chief editor E. A. Iofis. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1981.
- A. V. Nissky High-speed filming // Photo film technology: Encyclopedia / Chief editor E. A. Iofis. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1981.
- A. V. Nissky Accelerated filming // Photo film technology: Encyclopedia / Chief editor E. A. Iofis. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1981.
see also
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
See what "Slow motion" is in other dictionaries:
slow motion- noun uncount action in a film or television program that is shown more slowly than the real speed: in slow motion: Let s watch the situation again in slow motion. a. only before noun used about action that is shown in slow motion: a slow motion… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
Slow Motion- puede referirse a: Slow motion: cámara lenta Slow Motion (álbum): álbum de Supertramp, así como canción homónima contenida allí. Material musical del grupo Ultravox: Slow Motion (sencillo de Ultravox): Sencillo lanzado en 1978, que contiene la… … Wikipedia Español
slow motion- n [U] movement on film or television shown at a slower speed than it really happened in slow motion ▪ Let s see that goal again in slow motion … Dictionary of contemporary English
slow motion- n. 1. slow motion movement or action 2. an effect using slow motion photography or video techniques … English World dictionary
Slow Motion- bezeichnet: Zeitlupe, eine Methode, die Bewegungsabläufe verlangsamt darstellt Slow Motion (Album), ein Studio Album der britischen Pop /Rockband Supertramp Diese Seite ist eine Begriffsklärung zur Unterscheidung mehre … Deutsch Wikipedia
Slow motion is a time dilation effect that has recently been widely used in the film industry. How do you shoot slow motion videos? Interestingly, visual slowdown of video is achieved through accelerated shooting - with a frequency of up to 10,000 frames per second. In this shooting mode, the camera lens has time to “see” in detail and in detail what is elusive to the human eye. When playing back footage shot in this way at the usual frame rate of 24 frames per second, it feels like time is slowing down.
Basically, special high-speed video cameras are used to create the slow motion effect. The problem is that not every video amateur can afford such expensive professional equipment. What to do if you still want to create an interesting and stylish video using the slow motion effect?
We offer you a simple solution: try slowing down your video in Movavi Video Editor or, if you are editing the video on your phone, in the Movavi Clips app. Just a couple of clicks or taps and your video is already slowed down!
From the instructions below you will learn how to create a slow motion effect in programs from Movavi. To go to the section for computers, iPhone or Android devices, click on the appropriate link.
Slow-motion as a simulation of strong emotions and stressful situations
Changing the perception of time depending on the emotional state is a known thing. It seems to us that the emotionally rich moments of our lives last longer than they really do. For example, when a person feels a threat to his life, time begins to flow noticeably slower. This illusion occurs due to the brain being overloaded with incoming information.
In 2007, American scientists conducted experiments that made people really scared. They dropped several volunteers from a height of 50 meters onto a special net without insurance, and even with their backs forward. As a result, it was found that the feeling of “flight into the abyss” was at least a third longer than what actually happened.
In addition, in a frightened person, the amygdala begins to actively work - a part of the brain that accumulates a kind of secondary set of impressions. “As a result, memories of any terrifying events become deeper and stronger,” the scientists explained. “And the more information about them is stored in your memory, the longer they seem to you later.”
Slow-motion is achieved by shooting at frame rates higher than the standard 24 frames per second. It is believed that slow-mo was invented by the Austrian priest and physicist August Musger. It was he who developed the technique of slow motion using a mirror drum as a synchronization mechanism. The device he used was patented in 1904 and first presented in a cinema in Graz in 1907.
It can be assumed that slow motion video provides the opportunity to accumulate additional impressions of what is happening on the screen in memory, allowing you to enjoy a richer experience for a longer period of time. In other words, by watching a scene in slow motion, we can remember more details, just as we do during moments of stress and adrenaline rush in real life.
This idea may explain the particularly frequent use of slow motion in dramatic scenes. Soviet classic Vsevolod Pudovkin used slow-mo in the dying scene in 1933's The Deserter, in which the hero jumps into a river. The first American film to use slow motion was Bonnie and Clyde in 1967. The scene in which the main characters were caught in a hail of bullets on a country road was remembered by the audience for its particular cruelty. Director Arthur Penn said of it: "Our goal was to show authentic violence, but at the same time the slowdown of time that a person experiences when watching something scary, like a car accident."
Slow motion reveals what is hidden from the human eye
Time-lapse video technology allows us to expand our natural visual abilities. It reveals data hidden in the “folds” of time, just as, for example, a microscope allows us to evaluate the structure of a cell or trace the life of microbes.
For example, subtle unconscious movements of the facial muscles that are so fast and brief that it is impossible to notice them with the naked eye. However, microexpressions can reveal a person who is lying. Neuroscientist David Eagleman cites the example of when child killer Susan Smith was caught on a news broadcast pleading for help in finding her child abductors, slow-motion footage showed facial expressions that could reveal her terrible lies.
Recently, scientists from Queen Mary University in London used time-lapse technology to study schizophrenia. Slow motion allowed us to explore non-verbal choreography in live interactions with patients at an unprecedented level of detail. In an experiment on subtle gestures, nods and body postures, researchers found that individuals with symptoms of schizophrenia were less engaged in dialogue and less likely to speak at the beginning of it, and they also had a harder time starting to communicate with their interlocutors.
Lie:
shifting gaze, slight smile, instant micro-tension of the facial muscles, dilation of the pupils, trembling of the lips, frequent blinking
Anger:
drooping eyebrows, tense lips and eyelids, wrinkled forehead
Disgust:
raised upper lip, squinted eyes, wrinkled nose and furrowed brows
Fear:
wide open eyes, parted mouth, raised eyebrows and flared nostrils
Happiness:
raised corners of the lips and cheeks, narrowed eyes, crow's feet on the outside of each eye
Astonishment:
lowered lower jaw, softened lips, widened eyes and slightly raised eyelids and eyebrows
Slow motion also helped explain the scientific paradox that “a bumblebee shouldn’t fly.” An insect with wings that are too small relative to the size and weight of its own body has long been of particular interest for research. A full study of the mechanics of bumblebee flight was limited by the capabilities of photographic equipment, which for a long time did not allow recording the exact trajectory of its wings. With the advent of sufficiently powerful video cameras, it was proven that the flight of insects does not violate physical laws. After analyzing video footage and supercomputer simulations of the complex movement of air around fast-moving wings, the myth was destroyed.
Slow motion as an expression of intimacy and romance
Slow motion video also allows you to capture the intimacy of a moment, whether it's the finish of a Tour de France race winner, a dance, or a guitar solo performed by your favorite musician. Live footage that reveals details that are invisible in real time, for example, drops of sweat flowing down the temples, facial expressions and body movements expressing emotions, involuntary gestures - all this gives the feeling that we know more about the person on the screen than he himself. This technique additionally creates a romantic aura, which is why it is so often used in love scenes in films and in lyrical music videos.
Wong Kar-wai, a recognized master who knows how to create a romantic atmosphere on the screen like no other, also actively uses the slow motion technique. One of the scenes of his film “In the Mood for Love” is especially expressive. To emphasize the love experiences that the main characters experience, before their fleeting meeting in a narrow staircase passage, they sadly wander around the frame for two minutes in slow motion.
Slow motion “tickles” the nervous system
Our consciousness loves to guess what will happen next. For example, when a ball is thrown into the air, our brains unconsciously begin to build patterns of its flight to predict where and when it will land. These patterns of behavior are so deeply ingrained in our nervous systems that if you toss a tennis ball in zero gravity (such as on board the ISS), you will still unconsciously reach out to catch it in the same way as if you tossed it in normal gravity. .
When watching a video in slow motion, the brain's expectations regarding the physics of what is happening do not correspond to what is seen on the screen. Imagine you're watching The Matrix and Trinity jumps up to kick an agent. Your brain makes an unconscious prediction about when it will land. But amazingly, time slows down, and Trinity hangs in the air longer than expected. As neuroscientists clarify, these inconsistencies keep our attention on what is happening and force us to focus as much as possible.
The slow motion effect is often used in cinema when it is necessary to show interesting moments in more detail and effectively. Equipment that allows you to shoot slow motion costs a lot of money. However, the result is really cool. Using special designs with cameras, operators achieve a slow motion effect (by changing the shooting angle).
The slow motion effect can be achieved in a more budget-friendly way. Thus, more and more modern flagship smartphones support Slow Motion technology. People slow down tricks on skateboards, jumping into water, raindrops - everything possible. Not surprising, because this is an interesting feature that is convenient to use.
How to create the slow motion effect
Slow motion is achieved by increasing the number of frames per second. This is why you often hear the phrase “120/240/960 fps”. The recorded “slow motion” video is played back at a frequency familiar to the human eye, for example, 30/60 frames per second. In this regard, 1 second of the filmed video is stretched in the final slow-motion video by 2.3, 5 or more. However, we must remember that when shooting in slow motion with a smartphone, the image resolution usually decreases. Therefore, it is recommended to shoot such videos in good lighting conditions, for example, outdoors in clear weather. This way the loss of quality will be almost invisible.
The higher the frame rate, the more you can slow down the moment. Today, among phones, the Samsung Galaxy S9 camera has the highest frequency. Its value is 960 frames per second. For professional cameras, this number can increase to several hundred thousand.
How to make Slow Motion from a regular video
Achieving the slow-motion video effect is very easy, even if you don't have an expensive camera or phone that shoots such videos. Of course, to achieve the best effect, it is advisable that your smartphone camera shoot video at 60 FPS (frames per second), but the standard 30 is also quite suitable. We will use the Movavi video editor program, since it has a special tool for our task.
First of all, download, install and launch the Movavi Video Editor program. Next you need to add records to the program. To do this, click the “Add Files” button or simply drag and drop the video onto the timeline. You can add several fragments at once, for example, if you want to make a video with slow motion moments from different parts.
In the program, you can slow down both the entire video and a specific section of the video. So, a filmed jump on a skateboard can be slowed down only at the moment of flight, so that the effect is even cooler. To do this, you need to cut the video at the beginning and end of the desired moment. On the timeline, click on the desired break location and click on the “cut” tool (the “Scissors” icon right above the timeline).
Double-click on the desired fragment and the tools menu will open. Among them, find the “Slow Motion” option. By changing the position of the slider, select the optimal speed for the video. By the way, here you can make sure that the length of the video increases. The lower the percentage on the slider, the longer the fragment on the timeline.
After you have set the duration, if desired, you can remove the audio track and add musical accompaniment. This way you will get rid of distortion of the original sound and add impact to the video. After editing, save the result by clicking the “Save” button and choosing a format.
Create videos with slow motion effects yourself
Happy creativity, friends, with the Movavi video editor!
TOP 15 programs for Slow Mo
Slow mo - or “Slow motion”- is a kind of time dilation effect.
It is worth noting that this effect is very popular, as a result of which it is often used in professional cinema.
Obtaining the required result is achieved, oddly enough, by doing the exact opposite - increasing the speed of the filmed scene.
Subsequently, such video is played back at the usual frequency - 24 frames per second - and beautiful slow-motion scenes are obtained.
However, for such filming, filmmakers use special expensive cameras that allow high-speed filming.
Due to the high cost, such equipment is available only to a few, therefore, for a huge amateur army, they began to create all kinds of editors that allow them to simulate the slowdown effect.
comparison table
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This small program allows all fans to create interesting videos, emphasizing the main points using acceleration and deceleration effects.
Fast & Slow Motion Apps has quite a lot at its disposal good modes of changing speed both in one and the other direction - starting from 1/8x and ending with 8x.
However, the program is not limited to just changing the speed, but also allows you to convert the created project into one of the supported formats - mp4, wmv, avi, and asf.
In addition, it is possible to instantly send the created video to your loved ones and acquaintances via email or other communication channels.
DownloadQuik editor from Go Pro
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This program from a renowned manufacturer allows you not only to create unforgettable video stories, but also to edit them in just a couple of clicks.
It is worth highlighting that editing can be carried out both with video files and with many photo formats, the shooting of which was carried out on a Go Pro camera, mobile phone or other devices.
In this program, you can not only decorate scenes with exciting transitions, but also synchronize the resulting video with music.
The Quik file editor has good features, which include the following:
- adding videos and photos from your phone gallery, cloud services and social networks;
- analyzing video content to identify the best moments;
- implementation of high-quality cropping of existing photographs using not only face recognition, but also color recognition.
If you don’t want to burden yourself with editing yourself, you can select and apply one of the 23 styles present in the program to the existing video.
Each style has its own transitions and effects, which will be applied to the edited video.
In addition, if you do not have your own musical arrangement, you can use the appropriate one from the editor’s collection.
And there is plenty to choose from - more than 80 free compositions that can satisfy any desire.
DownloadSlow motion FX
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This is a mobile application for the Android operating system, which can be downloaded using.
It implements the basic ability to apply slow motion to video or audio.
Changes made can be recorded directly in the program or applied to files imported from the gallery or memory card.
On the left side of the main program window there is a menu button that allows you to go to the window for selecting video or audio projects to apply a slowdown effect to them. On the right is a button to launch this effect. Below there is a Pro button that allows you to access paid content.
This program is distinguished by its simple interface, nice design and the ability to post the resulting videos directly on the channel.
These qualities make the program quite popular among users - as evidenced by the large percentage of downloads.
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An Android application that does not require payment, but is filled with unobtrusive advertising.
When opening the working window, we see the program logo located above the start button.
On the right side of the screen there is a menu item “start slow motion”, on the left there is “Photo gallery”, with which you can go to the gallery to select a video.
Regardless of this, if you click on any free area of the program desktop, a pop-up window will appear asking you to select or record a movie.
It’s not only the ease of use of this application that fascinates, but also its pleasant colors.
This program has the ability not only to slow down the frame playback speed, but also to speed it up; in addition, it is able to shorten the length of the video at the user’s discretion.
It has everything you need - the ability to share videos, fast loading and the small size of the application itself.
DownloadPower Director Video Editor
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One of the best video editors, popular among users due to its wide range of features in one application.
The first impression is positive: pleasant and unobtrusive design, notification of possible bonuses.
In the lower left corner there is a “tutorials” button containing about 12 videos for learning how to use the editor. This includes:
- changing video speed;
- adding a font;
- video creation;
- working with titles;
- voice behind the scene;
- changing video effects;
- pan and zoom effect;
- trimming and dividing, etc.
In the middle is the transition to creating a new project and editing it. After clicking on it, you need to enter the name of the project, as well as specify the aspect ratio of the video.
After clicking “Ok”, a manager window will open, which displays all the video folders available on the device’s disks.
By clicking on one of the videos, the user begins working with it.
In the lower right corner, the video is divided into frames, and when you click on one of them, you can start editing it.
During the process, the video can be trimmed, frame speed adjusted, color changed, as well as rotated and rotated.
Then on the main page you can view the final result of the edited video.
To do this, click on the circle located in the lower right part of the screen.
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The first thing the application offers upon initial opening is to evaluate the performance of your mobile device.
After this, the main page of the program will open, in which the background is presented in the form of a beautiful and changing animation.
In the middle there is a button for adding a video, and just below there is a button for detailed information about the application, settings and entering the store.
When you press the first button, you are prompted to start creating a video from the very beginning yourself or with the help of an assistant (you can use it to familiarize yourself with the program).
If you click on “empty project”, you will be taken to the video creation window from the very beginning.
During the work process, you need to select videos or photographs (if desired, take several photographs), with which you will have to work later.
When working with video frames, you can adjust their speed both up and down, mirror frames, trim them, etc.
If you return to the home page, you can create slides or edit videos using the suggested templates.
Each step gives you the opportunity to select both pictures, a theme or sound, the result of which is a demonstration of the final result.
The application is one of the best editors and has the ability to create multi-layered video, music, effects and other nuances. The wide range of possibilities of this program will not leave anyone indifferent.
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A promising application designed to take high-quality photos and videos using various tools.
The use of API 2 camera is assumed, provided that this capability is available on the device.
The program is equipped with tools for creating focus zones and exposure metering (if the device supports them).
The service itself resembles a gallery in which photos and videos are created, as well as their editing and viewing.
Techniques for burst shooting and slow-motion video, the ability to create GIF animation, manual control of ISO, focus and shutter speed (if the device supports) - allow you to fully experience the operating principle of Footej Camera.
A nice feature is the developers’ introduction of the ability to take pictures directly while recording a video, or Selfie Light.
When purchasing the Premium package, the user receives a number of benefits that are not available in the free version.
This involves creating a burst of shooting using an interval of less than five hundred milliseconds.
It is also possible to take more than twenty pictures in one series in JPEG quality.
In addition, you can use the image histogram and create videos longer than five minutes.
It is worth noting that paid content comes with quite a lot of additional features.
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A program for editing photos and videos created using a Go Pro camera. You can import pictures and videos from the gallery into the application, crop and organize them.
A nice feature is the introduction of filters into this program, which allow you to create a slow motion effect, as well as improve the color palette.
Adding soundtracks expands the capabilities of this application, which also allows you to adjust the volume of songs in each frame.
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